Short Essay Sample

There is no doubt that every student during his or her studies deals with a great variety of tasks where writing plays a fundamental role. In general, writing short essays is a well-known part of every education process. It should not be as complicated as completing a capstone project, or a dissertation, or a report. In order to illustrate the way to complete a nice short essay, such issue as the dogs being trapped in hot cars was selected. Saving Dogs Trapped In Hot Cars Every summer many dog owners leave their pets in the hot car without realizing the real dangers for a dog and how fast the temperature inside can actually rise. Well-behaved people cannot just open the unfamiliar car forcibly in order to save a pet without facing any charges in many states. It is a fact that a car may turn into the terrible burning hot oven in a very short period, even if it does not feel that especially warm outside. For example, when it is a 78-degree day outside, the actual temperature inside of the parked car can rise to 110 degrees or even more in less than 20 minutes. Moreover, when it is a 90-degree day, the temperature inside of a car will reach unbearable 160 degrees in 10 minutes or less (Dogs in Hot Cars and on Hot Pavement). It is worth stating that beating the heat appears to be extremely dangerous for the dogs because they can only cool themselves by sweating through the paws pads and by panting. As a result, there is a high chance that they can even die from heatstroke or the brain damage that may be caused in less than 15 minutes of being trapped in a hot car. For these reasons, it is crucial to emphasize that there are several steps that people can do to save the dog trapped in a very hot car. First of all, it is necessary to remember the color and the model of a car and take a picture or write down the license plate number. Secondly, it is possible to go to the nearest building and politely ask the manager or the security guard there to make a special announcement in order find the dog owner as quickly as possible. Thirdly, he/she has to go back outside to the car or ask somebody you know to keep an eye on that dog in order not to leave it until it is safe. When the car owner appears, it would be useful to talk to him/her and share some facts about critical outcomes of this hot situation. Besides, if there are any heatstroke symptoms experienced by the dog such as heavy panting, excessive thirst, restlessness, lack of coordination, vomiting, lethargy, rapid heartbeat, dark tongue, lack of appetite, or bloody diarrhea, it appears to be an emergency! (Dogs in Hot Cars and on Hot Pavement). That is why even if the police are unreachable or they cannot to come at the moment, people’s instinct can decide to break the window of the â€Å"burning† car as soon as possible and to set the suffering dog free. Furthermore, when the savior manages to get a dog out of a car, he/she needs to take the pet to the air-conditioned vehicle or a building. In fact, he/she should to provide water for the pet to drink, or maybe even spray the pet with a garden hose or immerse it in the tub of not very cold water for a couple of minutes in order to decrease the body temperature. As it has been noted, it is essential to educate people about the dangers of staying in the â€Å"burning† car for the pets. With this in mind, it is worth creating the law projects considering the pets left unattended in the dangerously hot cars in the summer as well as the laws for citizens, which are trying to help a pet trapped in an extremely hot car. Works Cited 5 Things to Do if You See a Dog in a Hot Car. PETA. N.p., n.d. Web. 12 July 2015. . Dogs in Hot Cars and on Hot Pavement. PETA. N.p., n.d. Web. 12 July 2015. . Du Toit, Jessica. Is Having Pets Morally Permissible? Journal of Applied Philosophy, vol. 33, no. 3, 2015, pp. 327-343. Gomart, Samantha B., et al. Accuracy of different temperature reading techniques and associated stress response in hospitalized dogs. Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care, vol. 24, no. 3, 2014, pp. 279-285. Katzenbach, Julia E., and Daniel S. Foy. Retrospective evaluation of the effect of antivenom administration on hospitalization duration and treatment cost for dogs envenomated by Crotalus viridis : 113 dogs (2004-2012). Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care, vol. 25, no. 5, 2015, pp. 655-659.

Essay on Video Games and Ethical Responsibility - 3961 Words

Video Games and Ethical Responsibility We are the first generation to grow up in a world full of computers. Everyone and their cousin has one. It is almost impossible to go on a vacation anymore without seeing a computer. Some hotels and cruise ships have public computers and even many planes have video game systems built into the back of every chair. With computers being so predominant in our daily lives, we must have some use for them. Many people use them for work and many for the internet, but an overwhelming amount use them to play games as well. Games as simple as solitaire, as fun as pinball, or as challenging as chess. These are simple games that almost anyone can pick up. You can teach your four year old child how to play†¦show more content†¦The basis of the game was table tennis; you hit the ball to the other side and avoid letting the ball get past you. The simple idea had the Pong machine jammed with quarters within the first week, people loved it. With the release of Pong the market for video games was created. Home versions of video games reached households by 1975; no longer would you have to go to a bar or arcade to play a game.1 From this point on children would be growing up in a world of video games. Who is playing these games? The people who have had video games in their household their entire life would not even be 30 years old. This means that the video game consumers are young. They are people who have grown up with them in some way, and had them integrated into their childhood. 26% of people older than 18 played video games in 2001 (55 million), with the vast majority of them being between 18 and 24.2 Although the market for video games increased dramatically in the mid 80’s when arcade games went mainstream and Nintendo released their Nintendo Entertainment System (NES) for home use. This was soon followed by the release of the more advanced Sega Genesis and Nintendo’s portable gaming system the Game Boy in 1989. With all these impressive new releases a younger and younger crowd became attracted to gaming. 92% of children ages 2-17 played video games in 2001 (59 million). The more mainstream gaming has become, the more socially acceptable itShow MoreRelatedRockstar Games1141 Words   |  5 PagesEntrepreneurship Case – Rockstar Games: Caught In Their Own Vice 1) Describe the technological, social, and political forces acting on the video game industry? The technological forces could be the creation of the game. With doing some research, the company can develop a more mature audience, which would fall under social. The political force stands at the revenue they are making when the gaming industry in general is losing money, not to mention that they are doing this even with all the negativeRead MoreEssay Responsibilities of the Media1579 Words   |  7 Pagesindividual perceives information from the news media. 3) The social responsibilities of the news media is not just to report news stories, but to report news that is as close to factual as it is. The media news has a tendency to dramatize disaster stories in the event that it would woe large crowds for profit. The news media has a responsibility to readers, to portray its self in a positive light, the defender of truth dignity and respect. The â€Å"watchRead MoreThe Impact Of Online Video Games1091 Words   |  5 PagesProduction Production relates to the network of organizations, with different roles to play in the release of the online video games, combining their production processes to come up with the games. The production activities involve software development, hardware production, graphics and genre innovation, and mobile phone integration (De Prato, Feijà ³o and Simon 8). All these production activities will determine the quality of the product released to the retailers and final consumers (gamers). A moreRead MoreAre Video Games Bad for You? Essay1702 Words   |  7 Pagesthe Influence of Violent Video Games In recent times, the nature of video games have become an important topic of debate as politicians in the UK and America argue that videogame playing increases aggression, particularly in children (Freedman 2001; Berger 2002). Despite the absence of scientific consensus, there seems to be a rising concern that videogames can in fact lead to ‘real life’ violence. In 1993 the British Parliament showed concern over the dangers of games such as Mortal Kombat, inRead MoreAffect of Violent Video Games on Children Essays1648 Words   |  7 Pagesthe Influence of Violent Video Games In recent times, the nature of video games have become an important topic of debate as politicians in the UK and America argue that videogame playing increases aggression, particularly in children (Freedman 2001; Berger 2002). Despite the absence of scientific consensus, there seems to be a rising concern that videogames can in fact lead to ‘real life’ violence. In 1993 the British Parliament showed concern over the dangers of games such as Mortal Kombat, inRead MoreUtilizing Video Games to Achieve Open and Honest Communication between Parent and Child1015 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction: The topic I chose was, â€Å"utilizing video games to achieve open and honest communication between parent and child.† I have personal experience, as a employee of one of the largest video game retailers, GameStop, in viewing how various video games impact communication between parents and their children. There are various measures that help regulate the audience that play these types of video games. One of these measures are the use of the ESRB rating system (Entertainment Software RatingRead MoreThe Love of the Game: Video Games Essay977 Words   |  4 PagesThe Love of the Game Currently, video games are a part of the lives of nearly all children. Video games are an element of modern life and have a lasting impact. There are various opinions regarding the impact that video games have on young children. For example there are those who believe that video games cause nothing but harm to children. On the other hand, there are others who believe that video games effectively support children’s learning. Educational video games offer children endlessRead MoreEssay about Module 1 Assignment1194 Words   |  5 Pagesthe AMA Statement of Ethics relates to Rani Pharmaceutical’s dilemma. The AMA doesn’t say that in those exact words but it does state that as a marketer, we must do no harm, foster trust in the marketing system, and embrace ethical values. Values include honesty, responsibility, fairness, respect, and transparency and citizenship. Rani Pharmaceuticals must justly balance the needs of the consumer with the interest of the bus iness. R.P needs to avoid participation in conflict of interest and seek toRead MoreEssay about The Top Three Competitiors of the American Repertory Theater804 Words   |  4 Pagescontributes to economic development while bettering the quality of life in our local community and society at large. In this analysis I will specifically discuss our top three subscription-based competitors, and their regards to Corporate Social Responsibility. The entertainment industry includes an immense number of sub-industries, all in the business of providing entertainment. Entertainment can be defined as anything that generates an enjoyable diversion, such as theatre, film, comedy, music, cinemaRead MoreThe Effects of Video Games on Children1610 Words   |  6 PagesMany participants also suggested that the games caused the children to have strong imaginations, while a few disagreed. 61.0% said that electronic games did not cause the children to lack good behavior. The survey also showed that electronic games do not cause the children to be skilled in terms of their self expression, and do not cause them visual stress. On the issue concerning obesity, the percentage of the respondents who said that electronic games caused children to be obese was equal to the

Modern Business in Comparative Perspective Advantage

Question: Discuss anout the Modern Business in Comparative Perspective Advantage. Answer: Introduction: Multinational enterprises are defined as a corporate organization that owns and controls the production of goods and services in more than one country, other than their home countries. They are also called the stateless business enterprises since they cannot operate in one nation. Multinational enterprises increase every year this is according to the report presented by the World Trade Organization as well as other organization that work under the jurisdictions of WTO. The increasing adoption of Multinational enterprises is due to the dynamic global economy that keeps own changing every time. The increasing prominence of multinational enterprises in the global economy does not show the declining importance of national sources of competitiveness, this is because it gives every business sector and every stakeholder plays its role in steering development concepts. The multinational enterprises are looking for countries that can offer cheaper resources; they also look for nations that have low tax rates as well as having less regulation compared to their home countries. Michael Porters explains concisely about each aspect that relates to the national clusters and geographical location of a business or a country, this is in relation to the concepts of globalization and international capital. Michael Porters present its findings that relate with the competitive advantages of the nation in relation to the international business operations (Porter, 1990) In the 21st century, globalization has been the topic of the day in every meeting where every nation is talking about how globalization has benefited theme. Developed nations are perceived to be the nations that are mostly promoting the ideas of globalization while they look for better and cheaper resources to increase their development. Today, there is no nation, which can isolate itself from globalization and its impact. According to Thomas. L. Friedman, 2006, the flattening of the current world is based on the globalized business activities, outsourcing of products and services, supply chaining as well as the political forces that affect countries global development. Globalization has taken a foothold to reduce the poverty rates in many countries, such as China and other parts of Asia, compared with other areas such as sub-Saharan where poverty rates have remained to be stagnant (Friedman, 2006). The ideas of free trade, capitalism, and democracy to other nations are believed to have been generated through the globalization context. The current evidence of globalization is the perception of the developed countries, supporters to globalization see U. S companies working in other nations which are also developed like China. Free trade has also been view as the foothold of globalization. Currently South Korea, NAFTA have agreed on free trade treaties, this have affected the U. S job industry and theref ore increasing the trade deficit. International business corporation starts first as the local organization, regional then finally being a multinational corporation. According to the current research done by Rugman, Europe and Asia are the regions whose firms are considered to play a key role in promoting globalization, in relation to the modern business perspective (Kotabe and Kothari, 2016). The research indicates that 500 world largest firms have most of their sales concentrating on their home region. 380 firms in the world economy are originating from Nafta; and Asia Pacific . The 118 firms are originating from the Europe have the average sales data to be 62.8%, these figures are derived from the home region sales, while the remaining 37.2% are sales outside the region. Out of 380 firms, Asia has 66 corporations with an average of 74.3% home sales date. Lack of tariffs and regulation are the main caused which leads to business conflicts amongst the nation. Footloose, is caused by one nation entering into another and performs business activities without any commitment or the responsibilities to perform certain business activities. The relevant authorities can control these footloose by developing and implementing on global trade policies such as introducing of trade tariffs, tax rates, and other related measures. However, Transnational Corporation decides to perform specific business activities without any responsibility because of their difference in terms of capital size and their economic development. Foot-loosing is performed by Transnational Corporations, these TNCs tend to look for less skilled and less labour countries. Many international industries as well as transnational corporation see the importance of operating in specific nations, some nation may have similar factor which attracts business activities for the international business. Many nation have cheaper resources, low tax rates and free trade compared to other nations. Clusters and internationalization is not false because, business activities in some countries are independent, where one business activity cannot operate without other activity (Kotabe and Kothari, 2016) For instance banking industry cannot operate without organizations who need to request for loans and mortgages and vice versa is the same. Conclusion In conclusion, multinational corporations operates in more than one country, they perform their activities in certain countries depending on different factors. The increase in multinational corporation does not show the decline of national resources, but rather showing how important those resources can be utilize for economic development. However, globalization is discussed to be the key factor which promoted the predominance of multinational corporation. Many firms from Asia and Europe have their sales to be above average because of the ready and increasing market. Therefore, globalization is has promoted the modern business perspective by increasing the development of Transnational corporations. Reference As the leading work on comparative business: M.E.Porter, The Competitive Advantage of Nations (London: Macmillan, 1990) 338.6048 POR Crane, A. and Matten, D., 2016. Business ethics: Managing corporate citizenship and sustainability in the age of globalization. Oxford University Press. Friedman, T.L., 2006. The world is flat: The globalized world in the twenty-first century (pp. 3-543). London: Penguin. Kotabe, M. and Kothari, T., 2016. Emerging market multinational companies evolutionary paths to building a competitive advantage from emerging markets to developed countries. Journal of World Business, 51(5), pp.729-743. Rugman, A.M. and Collinson, S., 2005. Multinational Enterprises in the New Europe:: Are They Really Global?. Organizational Dynamics, 34(3), pp.258-272.

Living As A Sociologist Essays - Sociology, Norm,

Living As A Sociologist Living As A Sociologist In this life we as human beings strive to live a relatively normal life. Living a supposedly normal existence is a big part of understanding sociology. This is because the same concepts that that are learned in sociology are the same concepts that people use as their basis for a normal life. What is this sociology that I talk of . The dictionary defines sociology as the study of human social behavior, especially the study of origins, organization, institutions, and development of human society. This encompasses various aspects of life. All this definition is saying basically is that sociology is basically life and life understanding. Another important aspect of how to fit into life with the least amount of problems. To fit in society without any problems it is best that you follow what ever rules or norms that are active at that time. If you dont follow these simple social rules you are then branded a social deviant due to the fact that you do not follow the rules that all those in your society follow. Another way to see how we use sociology in our everyday lives is by looking at the main topics in sociology. The more important topics in sociology are the following: values , beliefs, technology, and language. We have already looked at values, the next sociology topic that I will cover is belief. Beliefs are shared views about how the world. Beliefs can be religious, superstitious, or scientific. For example for someone to go to church every Sunday shows a devoted sense of belief. Another example would be that most Muslims due to their religion, follow the lunar calendar as well as the solar calendar. Following the lunar calendar is also a form of social belief. Technology is the next sociology topic that will be covered. Technology is a very important topic in sociology. It is through technology that we as humans improve our labor, our environment ,and our communication. We are able to send out information across the world to various destinations all at once, within seconds, we can talk to each other over long distances. Technology has been one of the most important social topics, it has almost single handedly developed society as a whole. We take it for granted that we have the luxury of various technological advancements such as cellphones and beepers, these are social advancements through better technology. Last but definitely not least is language. Language is something that we use almo st all the time. Language has changed form and usage from the beginning of time. Language brings certain groups together, gives them common backgrounds and bonds. Language also promotes cultural diversity. All of these parts of sociology are used everyday, but as you may know those parts of sociology are not actually considered doing sociology they are parts of the whole. The whole which I am talking about is the basic, general, bottom line meaning of sociology which is social behavior and social interaction. Sociologist study social behavior and social interaction between human being, the study of people and how they act towards other people. In conclusion I have observed how sociology is apart of everyday life for everyone and that everyone participates in sociology. I personally am a sociologist, not because I have studied half my life about people and their types of behavior but because I live and have to interaction with people so therefore I feel that that I know about sociology first hand because I am an active participant . With the knowledge that I have from living life everyday I have a generally good understanding of sociology. Sociology Issues

The Theme of Isolation and Loneliness In Talking Heads Essays

The Theme of Isolation and Loneliness In Talking Heads Essays The Theme of Isolation and Loneliness In Talking Heads Paper The Theme of Isolation and Loneliness In Talking Heads Paper Essay Topic: Literature Talk Most of Alan Bennetts characters in Part One of the Talking Heads Monologues, are lonely or they are threatened with loneliness, and this leads to alienation from society and the environment they live in. This essay looks at the effects of loneliness, illness, unhappiness and lack of self-knowledge and how this is portrayed in Bennetts works. It also shows how isolation and loneliness, are dealt with in different ways, by people of varying ages and backgrounds. A great number of people are unaware of being lonely such as Doris in A Cream Cracker under the Settee We were always on our own, me and Wilfred Mix, I dont want to mix Throughout their marriage, they never socialised. Doris had very definite views on cleanliness and avoided people for this reason. Later on in the story we learn that this could have stemmed from the stillbirth of their son and for Doris this is her defence mechanism. Doris, indirectly, reveals that she never got over the trauma of losing her son, possibly clouding her view of life. Wilfred, obviously did not understand or feel her emotions. I dont think Wilfred minded It was then he started talking about getting a dog It is easier to put up a barrier and hide away rather than reveal our true feelings. This can later lead to loneliness and isolation. By not showing our true selves we are in danger of hiding who we really are. In the case of Miss Irene Ruddock (A Lady of Letters) she is lost in a society that no longer cares. She is younger than Doris and is wrapped up in her own self. Again, she is unaware of this. In the past, neighbourly interest was welcomed. But in present society, personal contact is discouraged, either by her or by the young family who are her neighbours, so instead she spies on them. She is critical of her neighbours, who she feels do not meet her standards and who she watches in secret. I dont even know their names Irene is very judgmental even though she doesnt know their circumstances. Itll surprise me if they are married. He has a tattoo anyway When reading this quote the first thought I had was now how Alan Bennett had dated the monologue. As in todays society it is perfectly acceptable to have a tattoo and is no longer frowned upon. Miss Ruddock can no longer rely on the church to provide her order and security, as shown in the scene when she is visited by the vicar. He offers to prove his identity by showing her his cross, she dismisses the gesture by saying A cross doesnt mean anything. Youths wear crosses nowadays. Hooligans. They wear crosses in their ears It is no longer a symbol. She feels that she is being alienated by the way the church is structured. The only time she has structure to her life is when she is in prison. The letters Irene writes are her only contact with the outside world. In fact I wrote to the crematorium but I actually didnt know her all that well She went to the funeral because at least its an outing Irene feels she is a pillar of the community as she writes to the Council, the Queen and even the Archbishop of Canterbury. She feels they all take her seriously as a public spirited member of the community but she is unaware of what a nuisance she is. Although she has already been in trouble before, The court bound you over to keep the peace She carries on with the harassment. I feel this is because she has no family or friends to talk to. It is also about her self-esteem and making her self feel important. She eventually ends up in an institution because her state of mind is caused by her loneliness and egocentricity. She has no idea that this is of her own making due to her snobbery. However, she thrives on the regime of the institute, becoming institutionalised because it gives her life structure and she is able to form relationships. Although she remains a very formal character she becomes caring and compassionate towards others. Im so happy Both Iris and Doris harp on about the past, when they were less lonely and isolated. Doris remembers You could walk down the street and folk smiled and passed the time of day Both of these are good examples of a paradox. The problems that once stood in their way, has turned and changed their lives for the better. Irene recalls when everybody knew the occupants of every single house. Everybody could, once upon a time This quote is another good example of how Alan Bennett has dated his monologues as society has changed and moved on. Miss Ruddocks story does have a happy ending. When she is brought face-to-face with her actions and the reality that she is going to prison, she is able to exchange her life of isolation and have friends within the prison community. She is actually able to offer sympathy and help to others. At the beginning of the monologue she feels pain and loneliness like Doris in A Cream Cracker under the Settee but at the end she feels connected and part of something. Both these women seem to miss the days of contact with their neighbours. The times when you could leave your door open and nobody would walk in. Both characters crave what they used to have. Due to their natures, it would not occur to them to change with the times. It did not occur to them to form relationships, by making friendly gestures to their neighbours. Doris is different from the other characters as she goes to the extreme of isolating herself. This is illustrated by the fact she wants trees in her front garden but actually puts bushes to stop any intrusions. Susan is the vicars wife in In Bed amongst the Lentils and her unhappiness/loneliness is harder to analyse. Alan Bennett here show that Susan is a witty and complex character. She is not so helpless that she could not have avoided a loveless marriage and a role, tying her to the church in which she has lost faith. Her disappointment seems to relate to her whole world and she uses drink to mask her loneliness and as a means to escape the real world. Susan is younger than Doris and Irene and by the end of the monologues you are left with the feeling that Doris and Irene are her future. Susans cynical and often ironic remarks make the monologues quite humourous. Susans loneliness stems from her husbands fan club of church helpers. In the words of Princess Diana, she feels there are three of us in this marriage. We must cherish him Susans way of cherishing him is with some chicken wings and tuna fish sauce When the bishop comes to visit Geoffrey, she knocks a jug of Carnation milk over the bishop and when cleaning him down compares it to Mary Magdalene and the Nivea cream all over again Susan is secretly an alcoholic, which is another expression of her isolation. She drinks to make herself feel better for a while. Geoffrey knows about the problem but refuses to acknowledge it, which makes Susans isolation worse. This relationship can be compared to Doris and her husband. Marriage should be the closest of relationships but within it they feel alienated. The subjects never discussed Instead of changing her life with Geoffrey, Susan decides to have an affair with Mr Ramesh, who owns the local shop. She feels she needs someone to talk to and by having an affair feels she will be loved. This affair is also a distraction from her marriage and its problems. Even when she sleeps with Mr Ramesh she tells us Its the first time I really understand what all the fuss is about She tries not to bring her new feelings for Ramesh into her life with Geoffrey by detaching from her feelings, she only feels apathy towards Geoffrey. Even when Geoffrey is angry with her because of the missing communion wine she doesnt care and is even more interested in having a drink. Susan is persuaded by Mr Ramesh to seek counselling from AA. We get the feeling that this is a good thing for her to do for herself but when Susan admits to being an alcoholic to her husband he does not give her the emotional support that she needs. He uses the situation to his advantage. This is a good example of their breakdown in communication. I find myself transformed into a feather in his cap Susan tells about Asians and Mr Ramesh and their ability to build things up and move on. For example, with his local shop, he builds it up into a thriving business and then he moves on. Rameshs outlook on life excites her but he has the freedom to move on and she doesnt. Its a good thing. We ought to be like that She realises that her circumstances could improve but in her isolated state of mind she cannot put talking it through into practice. If she could, like Miss Ruddock, her situation might have got better, since Susan seems to be a humorous person. She survives her lonely life by mocking not only what she sees as the pointless activities of her life but of herself as well. In the last scene she seems like a different woman but we are left unsure of any future happiness. Bennett uses bathos throughout the monologues especially with Susan, who keeps her thoughts to herself. Its on the tip of my tongue to say that if Jesus is all hes cracked up to be why doesnt he use tap water and put it to the test She is unconsciously using her sarcasm to protect herself. Bennett is very moving and thought provoking. He sums up Susans life in general parked by a lay-by on the ring road wondering what happened to our life To me this provokes a wonderful use of imagery as it shows her life is going round but not ending up anywhere. Loneliness by these characters is brought on by their lack of self-knowledge. This may contribute to both their sadness and the comedy of the narrator. It is perhaps part of their strategies for survival that the narrators do not see themselves as pitiable and lonely. The main themes of Bennetts, Talking Heads, are loneliness and the failure to understand ones own life. He also pays respect and attention to the point that there is a Little Person inside us all sometimes, foolish, wilful, vain, mistaken and self-deluded. The narrators problems may be the problems of ordinary people and often, unfortunate people at a particular point in time. I found that the each narrator touches on everyday issues that effect us all and thats why when reading Talking Heads you dont know whether to laugh or cry at the issues raised. Bennett tackles things with a light-hearted view but gets his point across in a very meaningful way. In conclusion Bennett is showing us that loneliness can apply to anyone and in different forms. The way he has chosen to show loneliness may be a product of male domination within personal relationships. I personally feel he could have written from this perspective because he is male. Also, most of Bennetts plays make the audience aware of the organisations that are provided by the State to cope with the needs of the characters. These efforts are seen as a poor substitute for a family, friends and neighbours. These characters dont have this support and this may be the root of their problems.

Popular English Phrases and Idioms

Popular English Phrases and Idioms English phrases are part of everyday speech. They add the necessary zing to our communication. Here are some of the most popular English phrases and idioms. Use them to make an impact on your readers or listeners. A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush.Your guess is as good as mine.Rome was not built in a day.The ball is in your court.Let bygones be bygones.Hit the nail on the head.It takes two to tango.Hold your horses.Idle hands are the devils tools.Wear your heart on your sleeve.Dont put all your eggs in one basket.A fool and his money are easily parted.Dont look a gift horse in the mouth.Variety is the spice of life.Curiosity killed the cat.A leopard cant change his spots.Every cloud has a silver lining.Go down like a lead balloon.A picture paints a thousand words.Haste makes waste.Dont count your chickens before they hatch.A house divided against itself cannot stand.Go the extra mile.Blood is thicker than water.You cant take it with you.The bigger they are, the harder they fall.When it rains, it pours.A penny saved is a penny earned.He lost his head.Its a small world.Great minds think alike.If its not one thing, its another.Elvis has left the building.Actions speak louder than words. Its anyones call.Keep your chin up.Let sleeping dogs lie.Never bite the hand that feeds you.You cant judge a book by its cover.Drastic times call for drastic measures.Lend me your ear.Practice makes perfect.Rise and shine.You are what you eat.Let the cat out of the bag.Mums the word.

Organizational Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words - 1

Organizational Management - Essay Example One of the ways in which employees can be made happy is through employee motivation. This requires knowledge of the above mentioned disciplines and related theories. Due to its importance, employee motivation has been the subject of serious study by many theorists and scholars over a period of time. The objective of this research paper is to study employee motivation Research questions: Money is considered to be a motivating factor for all employees, but studies have indicated that they are motivated by other factors also. The research question in this study is given below. Literature review and methodology: A literature review will be done on the area. A methodology using primary and secondary data will also be used to substantiate the findings. A survey among the employees of the organization where this researcher is working as an administrative head will be conducted Human Resource Management is one of the most important topics of study in the organizational management today. The word organization was used because this area of study affects all types of organizations. They can be the government and government organizations, they can be organizations run for profit like corporations and companies and they can be run not-for profit. In each case managing of the human capital is important for the efficient functioning of the organizations. The field is a very vast one with elements of psychology, anthropology, economics, etc being included in the study. This paper forms a part of a research proposal that looks at HRM in general with regard to the career options of this writer. This writer is working as an administrative head in a large manufacturing organization that is planning to expand into international markets. The proposal will focus on a specific area of human resources management namely managing employee motivation which is an essential

Marketing and International Retailing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4500 words

Marketing and International Retailing - Essay Example 64), and that certain iue relating to corporate ocial reponibility are placed within the ame trategic context a, for example, pricing and continuity of upply. In the year ahead, retail trategit are likely to focu increaed attention on the election of appropriate partner organization (Wrigley, 1994, pp. 6-7; Lowe and Wrigley, 1996; Morganoky, 1997, p. 369; Martin et al., 1998, p. 14) and put in place appropriate leaderhip model to enure that interaction between individual throughout the partnerhip manifet itelf in buine deciion which in turn reult in a utainable competitive advantage being achieved and maintained. Thi mean that manager need to: A regard cutomer retention in particular, taff in each of the partner organization will in future need to be more pro-active in promoting the concept of cutomer relationhip management, which i underpinned by a clearly defined et of organizational value. A well crafted relationhip marketing trategy will help to enure that long-term, quality-baed relationhip are developed with taff in partner organization throughout the marketing channel (Grant, 1991, p. 45; Juttner and Peck, 1998). The adoption of thi approach will link marketing policy to human reource management policy, and attention will be focued on the co-ordination and flow of information among taff, between function and facilitate, and on the promotion of inter-organizational interaction (Cepede, 1995, pp. 251-2; Platt and Yeung, 2000). Furthermore, retail marketing planner and manager need to adopt a reflective approach to marketing deciion-making, and thi mean engaging more with marketing academic in order that a critical evaluation can be made of marketing policy and trategy related deciion. The reult hould be the development of marketing knowledge. New inight generated can be converted into new theoretical approache (Burton, 2005, p. 11). The outcome hould prove beneficial by advancing marketing theory, linking it to practice, and explaining development in current area of tudy uch a cutomer relationhip management (Baker, 2003). That aid, it i a quetion worthy of cloe conideration whether or not all thi can be achieved without a more holitic appreciation of what marketing intelligence repreent. An anwer will be offered during the coure of the paper. Firt, however, attention will be turned to what contitute a cutomer-driven international trategy, to the matter of developing long-term relationhip, and to the building of long-term partnerhip arrangement. Thee are conidered to be the key factor to be conidered when deviing a retailing trategy. Cutomer-Driven International trategie The focu on international trategy i not intended to exclude conideration of dometic trategy, but rather reflect the reality of twenty-firt century retailing and the focu of many of the other author whoe work i reviewed. That increaingly dynamic buine environment force manager to implement change, poibly through incremental adaptation and, when neceary, experimentation. Marketing manager therefore need to be aware of how intelligence gathered from the external and internal

Ojt Doc Essay Example for Free

Ojt Doc Essay Listed in the Philippine Stock Exchange in 2007 after a successful initial public offering, the company has built its reputation for delivering its projects on time, without sacrificing the beauty and functionality of its developments. Initially finding its niche within the affluent Filipino-Chinese community, ALHI has brought modern condo living to Old Manila through a fusion of current trends and traditional comforts and practices. The company’s developments take inspiration from upscale condos in major cities around the world while incorporating age-old Feng Shui principles. Building on the successful formula of its first project, the 33-storey Lee Tower in Binondo which was sold out within 9 months and delivered ahead of schedule in 2006, ALHI has continued its dynamic and aggressive approach to take on even bigger and bolder challenges. The company has several ongoing developments, with more in the pipeline. It has started turning over units to buyers of its Mayfair Tower along UN Avenue in Ermita, in the heart of colonial Old Manila, and its second condominium in Binondo, the Mandarin Square, which by the end of 2008 is more than 50 percent completed. Both developments will take condo living in Manila to a higher level with first class amenities rivaling the best there is in the country. Anchor Land likewise broke ground for its Solemare Parksuites, its first project outside of the City of Manila, in December of 2008. The 18-storey twin tower residential project at the ASEANA Business Park in Paranaque City, near the humongous Mall of Asia, caters to those who want to be at the center of Metro Manila’s emerging cultural and entertainment hub along scenic Manila Bay. Among the company’s plans are the development of the tallest building in Binondo, Manila, the 56-storey Anchor Skysuites that is guaranteed to further raise the benchmark in the Chinatown district, as well as projects in San Juan, another in Ermita, a fourth project in Binondo, among others. What sets the company apart from other Philippine developers is its ability to execute its business plans. While others give tremendous focus and attention to their business development efforts but hardly sustain them afterwards, Anchor Land makes sure that its business plans are meticulously implemented. The secret lies in the active involvement of its key people in sales and marketing from the conceptualization stage and throughout the development of each project, with each department – from business development to engineering, finance, sales and customer relations – all in constant touch to ensure the seamless, on time delivery of the company’s commitments. In 2008, the company has started to attract the attention not only of local investors, but international award-giving bodies as well for its sterling performance. Anchor Land was one of only two Philippine companies included in Forbes Magazine’s list of 200 Best Companies in Asia with capitalization of under $1 billion, a feat made possible by the company’s sterling financial performance amidst the global economic slowdown. Internally, the company continues to build and strengthen its organization with the goal by recruiting and honing the best talents available in the manpower market, and by maintaining a small but dedicated cadre of sales people who have imbued Anchor Land’s corporate values of discipline, commitment, and excellent service. The company values each and every employee’s contributions, and recognizes them via a rewards and recognition system that puts premium on providing the best service to customers throughout the whole cycle of each and every project. III. Summary of OJT Experience IV. Assessment of the OJT/Practicum Program A. New Knowledge, attitudes and skills acquired Being the intern of the I. T. Department of Anchor Land Holdings Inc. I have learned many things that are beneficial for me and for my well – being. Here is the list of the skills that I acquired during my internship period: -Organization of files. -Networking. -Remote Access. -LAN cables. -LAN and Internet connections. -Centralized server. -Ncomputing technology -Computer building. -Kaspersky Lab. -Organization Security. -Data Back-up. -Routers For Troubleshooting -Printers -Fax Machine -Photocopy Machine. -Outlook. -Web connectivity. -Skype. -Computers. -Routers.

Mercury in the Everglades Essay -- Geology

Mercury in the Everglades Everglades Background Information: * Established in 1947 on 1.4 million acres in southwest Florida * Sunny, Semi-Tropical Swamp Setting. Experiences near daily downpours (http://srv3sftpa.er.usgs.gov/sofl.fact.html) Mercury's Effect on the Everglades: * A small amount of mercury is found in the crust of the earth. This is not the problem. The anthropogenic mercury is the problem. The mercury that is growing dangerously in size is known as methylmercury. It is an organic substance that still baffles scientists who are trying to work out its life cycle. So far, what they know is that methylmercury forms when inorganic mercury combines with organic matter that is dissolved in water. This reaction favors conditions that are extremely warm, where there is plenty of sunlight, and where the right kind of bacteria is present (mainly sulfate reducing bacteria). The Everglades, unfortunately, because of its large amount of sunlight and the near daily downpours provides ideal environment for forming methylmercury. (http://www.research.fsu.edu/RinR/Fal_Wn97/merc_sd2.htm) * Mercury settlement: The majority of mercury sett;es into the surface sediment where the amount of mercury was2.5 times more than the deep sediment. This of course leads to an even greater chance of the mercury getting recycled into the food chain rather than decomposing. (http://www.aslo.org/aslo/dialog/d_rood.html) * Biomagnefication: Methylmercury becomes deadly to the environment through the process of biomagnefication. To achieve biomagnefication, the mercury must be consumed by microorganisms nd work its way up the food chain increasing in concentration as it enters large... ... that 95% of the mercury arrives in the Everglades via the atmosphere. Hydrological changes resulting from the Central and South Florida Flood Control Project (www.sph.umich.edu/group/eih/umaql/suamp.html) * Conclusion: Rising mercury levels in the Everglades is just one of the problems that we need to deal with in order to protect our Everglades. However, it is not an issue that we can procrastinate on or fight over. Mercury levels are rising and our time is running out. We need to act before it is too late. * Bibliography: (http://srv3sftpa.er.usgs.gov/sofl.fact.html) (http://www.research.fsu.edu/RinR/Fal_Wn97/merc_sd2.htm) (http://www.aslo.org/aslo/dialog/d_rood.html) (http://www.n-jcenter.com/98/feb/08/en2.htm) (http://www.sph.umich.edu/group/eih/umaql/suamp.html) (http://ww.fsu.edu/cpm/FACT/sec_D/merc.html)

Romeo and Juliet: Impulses and Restraints

Romeo and Juliet’s impulses and self-control used in Romeo and Juliet. In the play of Romeo and Juliet, many characters show how they cannot handle the pressure that they are faced with which leads to impulse and action which is taken without thinking it through. Many of the characters show a lack of self-control and exaggerations which leads to broken-hearts and many unfortunate situations which result in deaths and miscommunications. Over the course of Romeos love life, he tends to act on an impulse whenever he sees a girl that he likes based on her looks. Romeo can go from depressed and unhappy because a girl does not love him back, to very happy because he meets another girl that he instantly likes. Before Romeo enters the Capulet’s party, he spills his heart out and tells Benvolio all about how he's feeling about Rosaline because he is very heart-broken that she doesn't love him back. Romeo himself has never spoken to Rosaline and has based his â€Å"love† on her looks. â€Å"What doth her beauty serve but as a note/ where I may read who passed that passing fair? / Farewell. Thou canst not teach me to forget. † (Act 1, Scene 1, 228-230) Romeo keeps saying that he will never forget someone like Rosaline and that she is the one and only that he could ever be with. But then he sees Juliet and forgets all about Rosaline. Romeo compares Juliet to a jewel that is hanging off an Ethiop's ear meaning that it stands out. He says that she is the most beautiful girl in the world and that she outshines all the other women like a white dove in the middle of a flock of crows. Oh, she doth teach the torches to burn bright! It seems she hangs upon the cheek of night As a rich jewel in an Ethiope’s ear-, Beauty too rich for use, for earth too dear: So shows a snowy dove trooping with crows, (act 1, scene 5, 43-47) Juliet acts on a rash impulse and decision when she sees Romeo at Capulet`s party and she instantly falls in love with him but when she is on the balcony, she shows a little bit of restraint in deciding to marry him. When Romeo finally approaches Juliet at the party, they talk for a bit then share a kiss twice with each other. Once the two parts their ways, Juliet knows she has fallen in love with Romeo right away and she is already making haste decisions on a relationship with Romeo. But when Juliet is on the balcony, she is very upset because she had found out from the nurse that Romeo is a Montague and since she is a Capulet, they cannot be together. â€Å"Deny thy father and refuse thy name. / Or, if thou wilt not, be but sworn my love, /And I’ll no longer be a Capulet† (Act 2, Scene 2, 34-36) Juliet just wishes for Romeo to swear that he loves her because then she will stop being a Capulet. Once Romeo comes out of the bushes from hiding, both Romeo and Juliet begin to talk about making plans to get married even though they just met. They would do the wedding in secret without anyone knowing. Thy purpose marriage, send me word tomorrow By one that I’ll procure to come to thee Where and what time thou wilt perform the rite, And all my fortunes at thy foot I’ll lay And follow thee my lord throughout the world. (Act 2, Scene 2, 144-148) Juliet would want Romeo to send her a message saying where they would get married if Romeo`s intentions were actually true. She said to Romeo how she would lay all her fortunes at his feet and follow him all around the world. But before Juliet agrees to get married to Romeo, she demonstrates some restraint at first asking Romeo if them getting married isn’t too fast. †It is too rash, too unadvised, too sudden, / Too like the lightning, wh-ich doth cease to be / Ere one can say â€Å"It lightens. † Sweet, good night. † (Act 2, Scene 2, 118-120) Juliet referred to their decision as being too rash and fast as lightning because they haven`t done much thinking through with their decision and they`re making an impulsive conclusion to get married. Romeo acts on a reckless and foolish reaction towards Tybalt when he witnesses him kill his best friend Mercutio. Mercutio and Tybalt get into a brawl because Romeo was supposed to fight Tybalt but instead, Mercutio does it for him, so when Romeo steps in between the two, Tybalt thrusts Mercutio with the sword under Romeo`s arm killing him. Romeo gets very mad and immediately acts on his quick and careless emotions and impulsively goes at Tybalt to kill him. And fire-ey'd fury be my conduct now† (act 3, scene 1, 120) Romeo said this when he went after Tybalt which meant that Romeo didn't care from now on what happened because he just wanted to hurt Tybalt for killing Mercutio as revenge. After Romeo finally got to Tybalt he stabbed him and killed him which led to him getting banished by the Prince. This causes a conflict because he is not allowed to be in Verona anymore which means that he wouldn't be able to see Juliet anymore. Romeos impulsive reaction has not only acted against him now, but for Juliet as well because they just got married and they won`t be able to see each other from now on. Throughout the play, not only did Romeo and Juliet show acts of impulse and restraint, but other characters like Mercutio did as well which attributed to how others reacted as well. This resulted in broken-hearts and fatal events which affected everyone. The characters lack of self-control without thinking resulted in difficulties throughout the play which led to many problems that had to be later faced with.

Famous Names in American Literature

30 Famous Names in American Literature Though the history of American literature is comparatively not so long, it has given the world many outstanding literary names. Washington Irving was the first US writer to gain an international reputation. In 1819 he published his volume of stories with such classic American stories as the â€Å"Legend of Sleepy Hollow† and â€Å"Rip Van Winkle†. Only 2 years after another American writer began to attract attention – James Fenimore Cooper, the first major US writer of novels. F Cooper was influenced by the social ideas of the age of Enlightenment. His best – known book is â€Å"The Last of the Mohicans†.Samuel Clemens who wrote under the pen name Mark Twain is undoubtedly well -known all over the world. This famous humorous writer of the 19th century is best known for the novels â€Å"The Adventures of Tom Sawyer† and â€Å"The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn†. The â€Å"Huckleberry Finn† h as been called the greatest novel in American literature. Jack London is a famous writer of adventure stories and novels. Before starting to write he worked as a sailor and went to the Klondike to look for gold. Both experiences he used in his books. His best-known novels include â€Å"The Call of the Wild†, â€Å"The Sea – Wolf† and â€Å"White Fang†. Also read The Story of an Eyewitness Essay AnalysisWilliam Porter, usually known as O'Henry is one of my favorite authors. He wrote short humorous stories which usually ended with a surprise. More than 300 of them were collected in â€Å"Cabbages and Kings†, â€Å"The Voice of the City† and other volumes. Other famous names in American Literature worth mentioning are Ernest Hemingway (he received the Nobel Prize for â€Å"The Old Man and the Sea†), Ray Bradbury, a prominent American science fiction writer of â€Å"The Martian Chronicles†, Edgar Poe, the inventor of the modern detective story, Henry Longfellow, most popular American poet.

List of Government Shutdowns

List of Government Shutdowns In United States politics, â€Å"government shutdowns† occur whenever Congress fails to pass or the President of the United States refuses to sign or vetoes legislation funding the operation of some or all government agencies. Under the Antideficiency Act of 1982, the federal government must â€Å"shutdown† the affected agencies by both furloughing non-essential personnel and curtailing agency activities and services that do not directly relate to national security. Key Takeaways Government shutdowns happen when legislation to allocate money needed for the operation of the government agencies fails to be enacted.By law, most government agencies must furlough their non-essential personnel and stop or limit their activities during a government shutdown.While few last very long, all government shutdowns result in increased costs of government and inconvenience for many citizens.   While most government shutdowns are of relatively short duration, they all result in the disruption to government services and increased costs to the government- and thus taxpayers- due to lost labor. According to the financial rating agency Standard Poors, the 16-day shutdown from October 1, to October 17, 2013, had â€Å"taken $24 billion out of the economy,† and â€Å"shaved at least 0.6 percent off annualized fourth-quarter 2013 GDP growth.† The many  government shutdowns have done little to help Congress abysmal approval ratings. There were six shutdowns ranging from eight to 17 days in the late 1970s, but the duration of government shutdowns shrank dramatically beginning in the 1980s. And then there was the government shutdown in late 1995; that lasted three weeks and sent nearly 300,000 government workers home without paychecks. The gridlock came during President Bill Clintons administration. The dispute between the Democrats and the Republicans was over disparate economic forecasts and whether the Clinton White House budget would result in a deficit or not.   Weaponized Shutdowns Occasionally, both Congress and presidents use government shutdowns as a way of accomplishing political goals not directly related to larger budgetary concerns like reducing the national debt or deficit. For example, in 2013, the Republican majority in the House of Representatives forced a lengthy shutdown in an unsuccessful attempt to get Democratic President Barack Obama to repeal the Affordable Care Act. The Border Wall Shutdown of 2019 The third shutdown during the Donald Trump presidency began at midnight on December 22, 2018, when funding for nearly a quarter of the federal government ran out. The shutdown was triggered when Congress and President Trump were unable to agree on the inclusion in the spending bill of some $5.7 billion requested by President Trump for the construction of an additional section of immigration security wall or fencing along the U.S. border with Mexico. According to the White House’s Office of Management and Budget, the $5.7 billion requested by President Trump would allow for the addition of about 234 miles of steel fencing to 580 miles already in place, leaving about 1,140 miles of the 1,954-mile long border still not fenced. In a televised address to the nation on January 8, 2019, President Trump warned that unless Congress agreed to include the funding, he would declare a national emergency allowing him to bypass Congress by diverting existing funds intended for other purposes to build the wall. However, after a meeting between Trump and House and Senate Democratic leaders on January 9 failed to reach a compromise, the shutdown continued. At midnight on Saturday, January 12, 2019, the 22-day-long shutdown became the longest in U.S. history. An estimated 800,000 federal employees- including Border Patrol officers, TSA agents, and air traffic controllers- were either working without pay or had been sent home on unpaid furlough. Though Congress had passed a bill on January 11 ensuring that unpaid employees would receive full back pay after the shutdown ended, that end remained nowhere in sight. On January 19, the 29th day of the shutdown, President Trump offered Democrats a deal to end it. In return for congressional approval of a $7 billion border security package, including $5.7 billion for the border wall, the president offered to extend for three years the DACA- Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals policy. DACA is an expired Obama-era policy allowing eligible persons who entered the United States illegally as children to receive a renewable two-year period of deferred action from deportation and become eligible for a work permit in the U.S.   Democrats quickly rejected the proposal, arguing that it did not offer a permanent renewal of the DACA program and still included funding for the border wall. Democrats again refused to further talks until President Trump ended the government shutdown. By January 24, the then 34-day-long partial government was costing U.S. taxpayers more than $86 million a day in back pay promised to more than 800,000 furloughed workers, according to Government Executive magazine, based on salary data from the U.S. Office of Personnel Management (OPM). Agreement Temporarily Reopens Government In at least a temporary solution, President Trump, on January 25, announced that he had struck a deal with Democratic leaders in Congress to allow the government to reopen until February 15 without including funding for the construction of any additional border barrier. Negotiations of border wall funding were to continue during the three-week period. The President stressed that a border wall remained a necessity for national security and that if Congress did not agree to fund it by the February 15 deadline, he either reinstate the government shutdown or declare a national emergency allowing existing funds to be used for the purpose. Shutdown Averted, but National Emergency Declared On February 15, 2019, President Trump signed a compromise Homeland Security spending bill averting another shutdown However, the bill provided only $1.375 billion for 55 miles of new border fencing, far short of the $5.7 billion he had requested for 234 miles of new solid steel walls. At the same time, the president declared a national emergency redirecting $3.5 billion from the Defense Department’s military construction budget to the construction of new border wall, and signed executive orders redirecting $600 million from the Treasury Departments drug forfeiture fund, and $2.5 billion from the Defense Department’s drug interdiction program for the same purpose.   A Fourth Trump Wall Shutdown Loomed On March 11, 2019, President Trump sent Congress a $4.7 trillion spending proposal for the government’s 2020 budget that included another $8.6 billion for U.S.-Mexico border wall construction. Bringing the threat of a fourth government shutdown of the Trump presidency, Democratic lawmakers immediately vowed to block further border wall funding. In a joint statement, Speaker of the House Nancy Pelosi and Senate Minority Leader Chuck Schumer reminded the president of the â€Å"widespread chaos† that had â€Å"hurt millions of Americans† during the 34-day border wall shutdown from December 22, 2018, to January 24, 2019. â€Å"The same thing will repeat itself if he tries this again. We hope he learned his lesson,† wrote Pelosi and Schumer. By law, Congress had until October 1, 2019, to approve the 2020 budget.   More  Recent Major Government Shutdowns The most recent government major shutdowns before 2018 came in the 1996 fiscal year, during the Clinton administration. The first government shutdown of the Clinton administration lasted five full days from Nov. 13 through Nov. 19, 1995, according to the Congressional Research Service. Some 800,000 federal workers were furloughed during that shutdown.The second government shutdown was the longest government shutdown lasted 21 full days from Dec. 15, 1995, to Jan. 6, 1996. Some 284,000 government workers were furloughed and another 475,000 worked without pay, according to the Congressional Research Service. List of All Government Shutdowns and their Duration This list of government shutdowns in the past was drawn from Congressional Research Service reports: 2018-2019 (President Donald Trump): December 22, 2018 to January 25, 2019 - 34 days2018 (President Donald Trump): January 20 to January 23 - 3 days2018 (President Donald Trump): February 9 – 1 day.2013 (President Barack Obama): October 1 to  October. 17 - 16 days1995-1996 (President Bill Clinton): December 16, 1995, to January 6, 1996, - 21 days1995 (President Bill Clinton): Nov. 14 to 19 - 5 days1990 (President George H.W. Bush): October 5 to 9 - 3 days1987 (President Ronald Reagan): December 18 to December 20 - 1 day1986 (President Ronald Reagan): October 16 to October 18 - 1 day1984 (President Ronald Reagan): October 3 to October 5 - 1 day1984 (President Ronald Reagan): September 30 to October 3 - 2 days1983 (President Ronald Reagan): November 10 to November 14 - 3 days1982 (President Ronald Reagan): December 17 to December 21 - 3 days1982 (President Ronald Reagan): September 30 to October 2 - 1 day1981 (President Ronald Reagan): November 20 to November 23 - 2 days1979 (P resident Jimmy Carter): September 30 to October 12 - 11 days 1978 (President Jimmy Carter): September 30 to October 18 18 days1977 (President Jimmy Carter): November 30 to December 9 - 8 days1977 (President Jimmy Carter): October 31 to November 9 - 8 days1977 (President Jimmy Carter): September 30 to October 13 - 12 days1976 (President Gerald Ford): September 30 to October 11 - 10 days Updated by Robert Longley

7 ways to avoid letting envy ruin your career growth

7 ways to avoid letting envy ruin your career growth Even though it’s ideal to always keep your eyes on your own career, we’re only human. It’s almost impossible not to look at your friends and colleagues to see where they are in their job, what they’ve done by a certain age, and how much they’re making compared to you. In fact, envy can be a very useful tool and motivator for personal and professional success, provided it comes in the appropriate doses and is put to the best possible use. But if you let it spiral out of its bounds, it can eat you alive- and even ruin your life.Here are a few tips you can follow to make sure you’re comparing yourself to others for the good of self-evaluation and motivation, rather than endless comparison that will only lead to anger or unhappiness about others’ successes.1. Check your reactions.When a close friend or colleague scores a lucky break or achieves something great, what is your reaction? Are you a seething green monster, or are you excited for them, no matter how motivated you are to accomplish great things yourself? And when something bad happens to someone, are you quietly doing a happy dance or are you truly sympathetic for their hardship? Hint: You want to feel good when good things happen to the good people in your life and bad when bad things happen to them. If your reactions are reversed, you have some work to do.2. Get off the Internet.There’s nothing worse for stoking spirals of negative emotion and envy than social media. If you can’t be trusted to use Facebook or Instagram without losing oodles of time and your own humanity, just suspend your accounts. Take a break or cut yourself off entirely- especially if you spend most of the time looking at your high school acquaintance’s successful lifestyle blog. It’s just not worth the risk to your soul.3. Only compete with yourself.If you’re comparing yourself constantly with others, restructure your focus. Instead, start comparing y our present self against your past. How much progress have you made? Enough? Too little? Are you actually killing it by this metric? Remember, you usually have no idea where anybody else began, and with what benefits. It’s no use playing a silent competition game that you can’t win.4. Become the best version of yourself.It is impossible to be authentic and yourself if you’re constantly looking outward. Instead, start caring more about your own personal development and less about how others see you, what they do, or what they are. Be original and authentic and get noticed for who you are, not who you envy.5. Focus on taking action to get what you want.You want the momentum that gets you chugging your way to the top? That requires focus, determination, and hard work- none of which you’re doing if you’re constantly in the hamster wheel of envying your co-workers and friends. You’re also compromising your ability to be an effective networker- al so a crucial piece to your success. Trust yourself enough to be able to sell your capabilities and capacities at the highest possible value, and trust everyone else to take care of themselves.6. Be empathetic.Try putting yourself in someone else’s shoes. That person whose successes have you blowing steam out of your ears is impressive and shiny on the outside, but might be harboring all sorts of hurts and challenges within. Try to see past the social media posts to the human underneath.7. Practice gratitude.Instead of coveting every little thing you don’t have, try being more grateful for what you do have: Your current job. Your current rung on the ladder. How far you’ve come. This doesn’t mean you can’t strive for more or better; it just means you shouldn’t dismiss what you’ve already earned.

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4500 words

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease - Essay Example The superficial layer of the esophagus is known as adventitia. The adventitia attaches the esophagus to surrounding structures. The esophagus secretes mucus and transports food into the stomach but it does not produce digestive enzymes. The stomach contents can reflux (back up) into the inferior portion of the esophagus when the lower esophageal sphincter fails to close adequately after food has entered the stomach; the condition which is known as gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). In GERD, the basal layer of of the epithelium is is thickened, and the papillae of the lamina propria are elongated and extend toward the surface. Abnormalities of the lower esophageal sphincter, Hiatus hernia, Delayed esophageal clearance, Gastric contents, Defective gastric emptying, Increased intra-abdominal pressure, and Dietary and environmental factors may be the factors involved in GERD. Clinically, GERD may be diagnosed by radiographic examinations using dyes, endoscopy, and esophageal pH-metr y. PPI trial is also an accepted method of first line diagnostic test. Treatment involves both non-pharmacological treatment measures as well as pharmacotherapy. Non-pharmacological treatment include avoidance of foods and medications that exacerbate GERD, smoking secession, weight reduction, taking a small meal at a time, avoidance of alcohol and elevation of the head of the bed. Drugs for treating GERD include H2 receptor antagonists like cimetidine, ranitidine, famotidine or nizatidine. Proton pump inhibitors such as omeprazole, pantoprazole, lansoprazole and rebeprazole are found to be very effective to reduce acid reflux and hence inflammation. H2 blockers were found to heal ulcers and erosions but the typical reflux changes of the squamous epithelium of the esophageal mucosa are not recovered. Studies confirmed that PPIs not only heal ulcers and erosions but also cures basal cell hyperplasia and elongation of the papillae. The percentage of normal epithelium were also reported to increase significantly after PPI administration in patients with GERD. Two commonly employed treatment alternatives for GERD are antirefluctive surgery and Endoscopic Treatments. Surgery is preferred only when the patient fails to respond to pharmacological treatment, when the patient prefers surgery, in those patients who have complications of GERD like barrett's esophagitis, or if the patient has atypical symptoms and reflux documented on 24-hour ambulatory pH monitoring. Several randomized controlled trials have confirmed that open fundoplication and medical treatment have similar long-term effects for GERD. Laparoscopic antireflux surgery is also reported to have similar outcomes to the open procedures. Endoscopic Treatments for GERD include plicating gastric folds methods (Endoscopic Gastroplication, ELGP method, thermal tissue remodeling /neurolysis method, and bulking injection method. These endoluminal treatments augment the reflux barrier. Section I: Organ system structure and Function. Explain the accepted normal healthy structure of parts and function of organ system; How it works The esophagus is a collapsible muscular tube, about 25 cm (10 in.) long that lies posterior to the trachea. The esophagus begins at the inferior end of the laryngopharynx and passes through the mediastinum anterior to vertebral column. Then it pierces the diaphragm through an opening called the

Global Career Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Global Career Paper - Essay Example Marketing departments face global competition resulting into the need to come up with diverse marketing strategies in the dynamic global environment. This result into the organizations involved to revise their marketing programs. However, there is a problem that a marketing strategy that has resulted into business success in a certain period may not work in the next period and may even result in to bankruptcy. Many organizations have succeeded in extending their sales and supplies in the global market resulting into the transmission of ideas in all corners of the world. As a result, such organizations are able to face a broader marketing environment, which is more complex than ever before. From this globalization has resulted into various benefits for such organizations: Possibility of coming up with a unique brand name and identity for the globalized company. As a result, there is a significant reduction in costs of communication by the organizations targeting the same consumer segments for the same product. Globalization has also benefited consumers and the targeted countries as a whole, which has resulted into such consumers getting high quality products and services. The countries, on the other hand are able to increase their foreign exchange (Ionut and Iulia 169). There is a negative effect in centralization of the organizational activities, which can result into slowing down of the marketing decisions of the organizations, which can result into slow reaction to specific problems facing consumers and inability to deal with competition. Consumers may lack the intended customer satisfaction that is brought about by too much standardization of products. Countries, on the other hand, may lack the required identity and the spirit of national culture. I would be interested in working with other countries while based in the United States. The reason is that such exposure would lead into development of creative problem solving skills

The effect of the recent financial crisis and regulatory implications Essay

The effect of the recent financial crisis and regulatory implications for ( your jurisdiction of choice ) but not US or UK ((( I would prefer Dubia ))) - Essay Example the structure and the principles of the financial markets have been proved to have a critical role in the increase of the pressure against the economies internationally; however, there are countries, like Dubai, which managed to keep their economy strong; The effects of financial crisis can be divided into two different categories: a) the effects referring to the national economy and b) the effects related to the firms and individuals that have interests on specific investments. Failures in the regulation of crisis in regard to the economy and the private sector have been identified; these failures have led to the instability of the markets or firms involved1; at the next level, the financial crisis have led to the differentiation of the role of risk – as a decisive factor in the development of financial policies. In this context, it can be noted that the financial crisis has led to the differentiation of the political decisions in regard to the rules that govern the markets worldwide. On the other hand, Claessens et al. (2010) supported that current crisis has many similarities with the financial crises of the past2; under these terms, the countries that have faced similar crises in the past should be more ready to face the c urrent recession; however, in the case of USA the above ‘rule’ has not been verified. Moreover, the view of Claessens et al. (2010) can lead to the assumption that countries with no previous experiences of financial crisis are likely to fail in handling the recent recession; Dubai had not face such a crisis in the past; the crisis hit the country recently, i.e. after having affected all other countries; this fact cannot be easily explained. However, through the case of Dubai it was revealed that experience in crisis does not guarantee the effectiveness against a crisis; the country managed to exit the crisis even if the relevant pressure was extremely strong. Dubai is country characterized for the power of its economy; the financial

Psychology for law enforcement Essay Example for Free

Psychology for law enforcement Essay Starting a Behavioral Science Unit (BSU) in local law enforcement would benefit the community in many areas. Criminology and psychology working together can help in understanding crime that is happening in our society as well as in our own communities giving better means of attending to victims, law enforcement as well as the criminals. The study of behavior began in the late 1800’s but it was through the work of B. F. Skinner. Behavior theory is the basis for behavior modification and one approached used in institutionalized and non institutionalized settings for changing behavior. The primary thesis is that all behavior is learned and can be unlearned. The approach is concerned with observable behavior in contrast to the traditional psychoanalytic emphasis on deep, underlying personality problem that must be uncovered and treated. Behavior theory is based on the belief that it is not the unconscious that is important but, rather, the behavior, which can be observed and manipulated. It is assumed that neurotic symptoms and some deviant behavior are acquired through an unfortunate quirk of learning and are rewarding to the patient. The undesirable behavior can be eliminated, modified, or replaced by taking away the reward value or by rewarding a more appropriate behavior that is incompatible with the deviant one. It is argued that behavior is controlled by its consequences. In dealing directly with behaviors that are undesirable, behavioral therapy attempts to change the person’s long-established patterns of response to himself or herself and to others (Schwartz, 1989). The starting of the BSU would only help to strengthen this theory. The unit should be staffed with individuals that have an educational background that had strength in the area of social psychology for the unit to give greatest benefit. Social psychology is the scientific study of how the thoughts, feelings and behaviors of one individual are influenced by the real, imagined, or inferred behavior or characteristics of other people. The focus of social psychology is on social cognition, attitudes, social influence and social action (Miller, 1984). Certified psychologists in counseling should be incorporated in requirements for employment. Depending on the budget for the program at least 2 psychologists on call for smaller departments to having a full time psychologist with a staff working for larger departments. This type of unit should be considered a focus on prevention of crime in and around the community. Peacemaking criminology would be the efforts of this unit. With this it focuses on the prevention rather than the repression of crime. Although crime prevention often means different things to different people, practitioners in the public health community have delineated three general approaches that I would like to use for this discussion: primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention (Moore, 1995). Primary prevention attempts to keep criminal behavior from arising in the first place; it is directed at the entire community and not just at individuals who are seeking or who need treatment. Secondary prevention concentrates on early identification and treatment of vulnerable or at risk youths, and tertiary prevention entails interventions that protect society from offenders and that reduce the likelihood of recidivist behavior. The most effective prevention strategy is one that combines all three modalities. Efforts to address the social disorganization often found in inner-city areas will also be required. We need to put an end to racially segregated and densely populated housing projects that concentrate poor minorities, socially isolating them from the middle class and depriving them of the resources necessary for stable communities: strong families and positive role models that reinforce conventional values and provide networks of informal social control. Well funded investments like a Behavioral Science Unit can better refer the part of society most in need to the social programs best suited for the individual or individuals (Barkan, 1997). Community based corrections, facilities and programs from those that may be located in the community but are not, strictly speaking, community based such as BSU will help the society as a whole. The degree to which a corrections stem is community based can be measured by the frequency, quality and duration of community relationships as well as by the number of commitments to large state institutions, the extent to which other community services are used, and the degree of involvement by local groups and individuals. Some community correctional centers comprise a wide variety of programs including residential and nonresidential facilities (Miller, 1984). The BSU can help to bridge the gap law enforcement has with these larger community correctional centers. Social scientists continue to work toward understanding the causes of crime. Some look for a general theory to explain all crime; some of those approaches that look at the social structure or social structure theory. What we do know about crime is that men commit the most, but that some crimes have been increasing among women. We know that most crimes are committed by persons who are mobile residentially and who live in a large city. . We know that among juveniles, those who are bonded closely to their families and schools are less likely to commit delinquent acts or crimes than those who are not bonded. We know that those who are unemployed and hovering at the bottom of society’s social class structure are more likely to be involved in property crimes than those who are at the top of the social structure. But that knowledge of the serious property crimes as defined by the FBI must be considered along with data about white collar crime. This is where the Behavioral Science Unit would be very helpful to local law enforcement the most. Helping the officers to better understand just who they are trained to deal with, criminals (Messner Rosenfeld, 2001). Biologists and chemists were not the only professionals to link behavior to physical characteristics. Some early psychologists attempted to explain criminal behavior by means of the inherited trait we call intelligence. But the social psychologist look at environment, social interaction as well as biological to look for answers to behaviors and possible ways of deterrence. A society that permits deviation can expect negative deviation or crime. Laws emerge because societies understand the need to institute a more formal system of social control. Behavioral theory helps to make the formal system flow more easily and work more efficiently. Laws emerge out of this consensus. Laws are enacted by the group in power as a means of controlling those not in powers. Criminals do not differ necessarily from non criminals, but the difference may be in the way society reacts to their behavior. That is why a Behavior Science Unit incorporated into law enforcement offices will only increase the efficiency of the ability of that department to effectively enforce the laws our society has created and to connect the community to these offices in an effort to improve crime in and around the surrounding communities.

Sexuality and Aggression in Hamlet Essay -- GCSE Coursework Shakespear

Sexuality and Aggression in Hamlet  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚           Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In "Man and Wife Is One Flesh": Hamlet and the Confrontation with the Maternal Body, Janet Adelman argues that the motivating force behind the plot action in Hamlet is the collapse of boundaries between relationships of individuals, sexes, and divisions of public (state) and private (love) life. The primary cause of the breakdown results from the bodily contamination spread through overt sexuality, specifically maternal sexuality. Janet Adelman asserts her feminism into the sexist view of psychoanalysis to define the contamination as that power of women that men fear.    Adelman's case for the collapse of boundaries is her strength and weakness. Extensive textual evidence supports her claim for the melding of the men, but her choice to ignore the women's differentiation is a critical error. Gertrude and Ophelia define themselves through sexuality, memory retention and communication, existing as two individual beings separate from the collapsing masculine world. Adelman continues to argue that the power of women's sexuality contaminates all life associated with it. While sexuality is women's most potent power, it is the power to give life and sustain it through maternal fulfillment, not to promote death and further erasure of boundaries through contamination, poison and death. For madness and death follow promptly after the removal of the women's sexuality.    Shakespeare expresses the Freudian concept of sexual and aggressive conflict by assigning the traits to female and male characters respectively. The alternating suppression, sexuality over aggression and aggression over sexuality, plays out in Hamlet ultimately proving their symbiotic relationship. The sup... ... strips away female sexuality, life ends. Aggression does not create life. The eradication of the conflict-boundary is a self-sacrificing effort by the men, who in so doing, deny everyone sexual satisfaction to balance the aggression, thus resorting to fatal violence and ending their immortality through procreation.    Works Cited Adelman, Janet. "Man and Wife is One Flesh": Hamlet and the Confrontation with the Maternal Body. William Shakespeare: Hamlet. Ed. Susanne L. Wofford. Case Studies in Contemporary Criticism. Boston: St. Martin's, 256-282. Calhoun, J. "Personality and Psychoanalytic Theory." Psychology 1101. UGA. Athens, 6 Nov 1998. Shakespeare, William. Hamlet. Ed. Susanne L. Wofford. Case Studies in Contemporary Criticism. Boston: St. Martin's, 1994. Stoppard, Tom. Rozencrantz and Guildenstern are Dead. New York: Grove, 1967 Sexuality and Aggression in Hamlet Essay -- GCSE Coursework Shakespear Sexuality and Aggression in Hamlet  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚           Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In "Man and Wife Is One Flesh": Hamlet and the Confrontation with the Maternal Body, Janet Adelman argues that the motivating force behind the plot action in Hamlet is the collapse of boundaries between relationships of individuals, sexes, and divisions of public (state) and private (love) life. The primary cause of the breakdown results from the bodily contamination spread through overt sexuality, specifically maternal sexuality. Janet Adelman asserts her feminism into the sexist view of psychoanalysis to define the contamination as that power of women that men fear.    Adelman's case for the collapse of boundaries is her strength and weakness. Extensive textual evidence supports her claim for the melding of the men, but her choice to ignore the women's differentiation is a critical error. Gertrude and Ophelia define themselves through sexuality, memory retention and communication, existing as two individual beings separate from the collapsing masculine world. Adelman continues to argue that the power of women's sexuality contaminates all life associated with it. While sexuality is women's most potent power, it is the power to give life and sustain it through maternal fulfillment, not to promote death and further erasure of boundaries through contamination, poison and death. For madness and death follow promptly after the removal of the women's sexuality.    Shakespeare expresses the Freudian concept of sexual and aggressive conflict by assigning the traits to female and male characters respectively. The alternating suppression, sexuality over aggression and aggression over sexuality, plays out in Hamlet ultimately proving their symbiotic relationship. The sup... ... strips away female sexuality, life ends. Aggression does not create life. The eradication of the conflict-boundary is a self-sacrificing effort by the men, who in so doing, deny everyone sexual satisfaction to balance the aggression, thus resorting to fatal violence and ending their immortality through procreation.    Works Cited Adelman, Janet. "Man and Wife is One Flesh": Hamlet and the Confrontation with the Maternal Body. William Shakespeare: Hamlet. Ed. Susanne L. Wofford. Case Studies in Contemporary Criticism. Boston: St. Martin's, 256-282. Calhoun, J. "Personality and Psychoanalytic Theory." Psychology 1101. UGA. Athens, 6 Nov 1998. Shakespeare, William. Hamlet. Ed. Susanne L. Wofford. Case Studies in Contemporary Criticism. Boston: St. Martin's, 1994. Stoppard, Tom. Rozencrantz and Guildenstern are Dead. New York: Grove, 1967

Victory in the Civil War

African Americans have had a long and painful encounter with subjugation, oppression and brutality. Their history is undeniably plagued with inhumane treatment and violence simply on the basis of their skin color. Man stooped to its lowest possible status when he began discriminating against people on color and race. No single race has had as unfortunate a history as African Americans who were rudely denied their rights during slavery era and were arrogantly kept away from the same after emancipation.Many blacks were hopeful of a better life when Abraham Lincoln declared emancipation for every black slave in the country. However since he himself died soon after, Blacks faced an uphill task getting their due share of public place during Reconstruction and prior to the Civil Rights Movement in 1960s. Victory in the Civil War of 1860s had assured African-Americans that they would get equal rights in the United States which however was one promise that did not materialize for very long. African-Americans were looked down upon in the South and they did not even have the right to sit next to white people in public buses.In the South black people were required to sit at the back as front seats were reserved for whites. This was a highly unfair law, which caused humiliation to many blacks especially a professor named Jo Ann Robinson. Blacks who were desirous of equal rights started the civil rights movement in 1950s to uphold Thomas Jefferson’s democratic ideals, â€Å"We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal; that they are endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable Rights; that among these are Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of Happiness.â€Å"[1]) Reconstruction should have been a time to rejoice and celebrate for blacks in the South. But that was not the case. Blacks suffered immensely at the hands of severe racial differences that plagued the country and had sharpened with the proclamation. The administration did little or nothing to ease the transition process. Frederick Douglass expressed his disappointment in these words: â€Å"You say you have emancipated us. You have; and I thank you for it. But what is your emancipation?When the Israelites were emancipated they were told to go and borrow of their neighbors—borrow their coin, borrow their jewels, load themselves down with the means of subsistence; after, they should go free in the land which the Lord God gave them†¦But when You turned us loose, you gave us no acres. You turned us loose to the sky, to the storm, to the whirlwind, and, worst, of all you turned us loose to the wrath of our infuriated masters. † A long series of struggles began when reconstruction failed to make the dream of liberty come true.Voting rights were not yet granted to blacks and to make matters worse racial segregation had not been abolished in schools and other departments. Racial segregation in schools was a major sign of discrimination because yo ung generation of blacks who were born free was forced to encounter unfair treatment without their being any legal support for the same. Slavery was no longer there in practice but it could still be felt in such actions of the people.Discrimination on the basis of race was reflected by things such as black people riding at the back of the bus, racial segregation in school, equal and separate principle and no voting rights or job opportunities for blacks. Before 1950s, things were not even moving in the right direction. Everything was intensely unequal for blacks including access to education and jobs. But 1950s and following decades changed the fate of black community as more than a century after initial emancipation, they were finally given some of the civil rights they had dreamt of.But these rights were not offered on a silver platter. Blacks had to consistently fight for their rights and there were a series of court cases that upheld the democratic ideals and opened doors to mor e freedom and equality for blacks. One such prominent and irreplaceable in significance was the Brown vs. Board of Education case of 1954. There is no case in education board’s history that has played a more important role or has served as a bigger judicial turning point than this case. In the history of important cases, Brown vs.Board of Education occupies a top slot because of its impact not only on education system in the country but on the fate of African Americans in United States. It just changed the way Americans handled issue of human rights. In 1950s, racial segregation in schools was a norm. While schools were required to be equal in quality of education, they were also meant to be separate. It was found that even equality principle was not followed in spirit since most black schools offered education which inferior in quality. In 1849, a similar case Roberts vs.City of Boston surfaced to challenge the education system of racial segregation but nothing concrete came out of this. In fact Benjamin Roberts and other African American parents were denied the right to enroll their children in selected Boston schools. In other words, this case upheld racial segregation. A few years later, in 1855 segregation in schools was abolished by Massachusetts legislature. However it was more in theory than practice. In 1896 came the important case of Plessy v. Ferguson where United States Supreme Court called for separate but equal access to various facilities to African Americans.This landmark case however denied blacks a chance to achieve complete equality because based on this declaration; blacks were offered separate facilities in restaurants, public transport, hotels and education. Several other cases surfaced since the Roberts case in 1849 and by 1949 court had made little or no effort to strike down racial segregation. Brown vs. Board of Education case was filed from Kansas. Before this case, some eleven school cases had emerged between 1881 and 1949 in Kansas. None however managed to bring about any real change in school segregation system.In 1908, The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) was founded and this organization helped black people achieve equality by providing them with legal counsel and funding whenever needed. Linda Brown was a third grade student whose father Oliver Brown wanted to admit her to a white school in the neighborhood since Linda had to walk miles everyday to reach her black school. She was denied admission in the white school and this resulted in Brown seeking help from McKinley Burnett, the head of Topeka's branch of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP).NAACP was more than willing to assist since they finally had the â€Å"the right plaintiff at the right time. â€Å"[2] In his testimony, Dr. Hugh W. Speer, an expert witness explained that segregation was unhealthy and unfair to black students: â€Å"†¦ if the colored children are d enied the experience in school of associating with white children, who represent 90 percent of our national society in which these colored children must live, then the colored child's curriculum is being greatly curtailed. The Topeka curriculum or any school curriculum cannot be equal under segregation. â€Å"[3]The case continued for several months and in May 1954, the court in its landmark decision struck down separate but equal clause and called for school integration. In his ruling Chief Justice Earl Warren said: â€Å"We conclude that in the field of public education the doctrine of ‘separate but equal' has no place. Separate educational facilities are inherently unequal. Therefore, we hold that the plaintiffs and others similarly situated for whom the actions have been brought are, by reason of the segregation complained of, deprived of the equal protection of the laws guaranteed by the Fourteenth Amendment†.[4] The case was seen as a colossal step in the right d irection as it gave more encouragement to civil rights movement which ultimately resulted in a much better world for the blacks.REFERENCES[1] Dr. Howard O. Lindsey, â€Å"A History of Black America†, pg. 34-35 [2] Edward W. Knappman, ed. , Great American Trials (Detroit: Visible Ink, 1994) 467. [3] Knappman 467. [4] Benjamin Munn Ziegler, ed. , Desegregation and the Supreme Court (Boston: D. C. Heath and Company, 1958) 78-79

Steps To Reduce Greenhouse Gases Environmental Sciences Essay

1. Fossil fuels have been the primary beginning of energy fuelling the planetary demands of power since long. Dependence on them chiefly stems from the fact that they are easy available, inexpensive and economical in transit every bit good as extraction. Coal, Oil, Natural Gas have all been used since long and even been exported/imported between states keeping a balanced demand and supply. So much so that the usage of fossil fuels has been in trend for such long times that most of our engineering and equipment using them as fuels are designed consequently. The biggest drawback of our dependance on fossil fuels is the release of CO2 into the ambiance thereby taking to planetary heating as besides the fact that it is a non-renewable beginning and will sooner or subsequently exhaust taking to a nothingness. Effectss of Fossil Fuel on Environment Renewable Energy Resources 3. In contrary to fossil fuels, renewable energies are reversible in nature and can invariably be replenished without the fright of being drained out of our environment. Wind, Solar, Hydro & A ; such like signifiers of renewable energy will maintain on supplying electricity without any idea of them being blown off from our planet. Such energies which can travel on to maintain bring forthing electricity without cut downing beginning energy itself are renewable energy. Wind Energy 4. Wind engineering has become really dependable, runing with handinesss of more than 98 % and holding a design life of 20 old ages or more. Furthermore, as the costs of air current turbines have steadily declined, proficient dependability has increased. The factors that presently limit wind energy ‘s market incursion include variableness, public credence and grid dependability. However, recent developments in electricity market reform, which promote better grid integrating and improved direction of natural rhythms of renewables, decrease the technological barriers that have constrained market incursion. In the country of air current energy, continued R & A ; D is indispensable to supply the necessary decreases in cost and uncertainness to gain the awaited degree of deployment. Other R & A ; D precedences include increasing the value of calculating power public presentation, cut downing uncertainnesss related to technology unity, betterment and proof of criterions, cut downing the cost of storage techniques, enabling large-scale usage, and understating environmental impacts. Further enlargement of air current power will advance important decreases in nursery gases. With farther deployment support, wind power may go by and large competitory with conventional engineerings by 2015-20 and off-shore air current will probably go competitory to a grade after that. Solar 5. Solar energy is already being widely used in certain states, whether it be for hot H2O production, warming, illuming and other power demands. The photovoltaic ( PV ) market has grown extensively since 1992. R & A ; D attempts, together with market deployment policies, have efficaciously produced impressive cost decreases nevertheless market deployment is concentrated with Japan, Germany and the United States accounting for over 85 % of entire installed capacity. However, PV still has a batch of range for R & A ; D with focal point on bettering the balance-of-system constituents for both grid connected and stand-alone applications. Even with these supports, PV is non expected to be by and large competitory until after 2020 – although it will go on to vie good in a turning scope of market niches in which the cost of deployment supports is moderate. Hydro 6. One of the biggest advantages of a hydroelectric composite is that the undertaking produces no direct waste, and has a well lower end product degree of the nursery gas, C dioxide ( CO2 ) , than fossil fuel powered energy workss. Worldwide, an installed capacity of 777 GWe supplied 2998 TWh of hydroelectricity in 2006 which was about 20 % of the universe ‘s electricity, and accounted for about 88 % of electricity from renewable beginnings. It is an highly flexible engineering from the position of power grid operation supplying one of the lowest cost options in today ‘s energy market, chiefly because most workss were built many old ages ago and their installation costs have been to the full amortised. Once the high up-front capital costs are written off, workss can supply power at even lower cost degrees, as such systems normally operate without major replacing costs for 50 old ages or more. The ground why globally merely approximately 5 % of the hydropower potency have been exploited through little graduated table sites is due to entree to transmittal systems, environmental and societal concerns. Biomass 7. Biomass stuffs have been used since millenary for run intoing countless human needs including energy with its chief beginnings being trees, harvests and carnal waste. Until the center of 19th century, biomass dominated the planetary energy supply with 70 % part. Soon, the biomass beginnings contribute 14 % of planetary energy and 38 % of energy in developing states. Globally, the energy content of biomass residues in agribusiness based industries yearly is estimated at 56 exajoules, about a one-fourth of planetary primary energy usage of 230 exajoules. Biomass burning for heat and power is a to the full mature engineering offering both an economic fuel option and a ready disposal mechanism of municipal, agricultural and industrial organic wastes. 8. However, the industry has remained comparatively dead over the last decennary, even though demand for biomass ( largely wood ) continues to turn in many developing states. One of the jobs of biomass is that stuff straight combusted in cook ranges produces pollutants, taking to terrible wellness and environmental effects, although improved cook range programmes are relieving some of these effects. A 2nd issue is that firing biomass emits CO2, even though biomass burning is by and large considered to be â€Å" carbon-neutral † because C is absorbed by works stuff during its growing, therefore making a C rhythm. First-generation biomass engineerings can be economically competitory, but may still necessitate deployment support to get the better of public credence and small-scale issues. Biofuels 9. Biofuels are a broad scope of fuels which are in some manner derived from biomass and screens solid biomass, liquid fuels and assorted biogases. They are deriving increased public and scientific attending, driven by factors such as oil monetary value spikes, the demand for increased energy security, and concern over nursery gas emanations from fossil fuels. Bioethanol is an intoxicant made by fermenting the sugar constituents of works stuffs and is made largely from sugar and amylum harvests. Biofuels provided 1.8 % of the universe ‘s conveyance fuel in 2008 while investing into its production capacity exceeded $ 4 billion worldwide in 2007 and is growing.More modern signifiers of bio energy include biomass-based power and heat coevals, co-firing, bio fuels for conveyance and short rotary motion harvests for energy feedstock. These are more advanced and each has its ain alone benefits. 10. Biomass is attractive for usage either as a stand-alone fuel or in fuel blends, such as co-firing wood with coal, or blending ethyl alcohol or biodiesel with conventional petroleum-based fuels. Anaerobic digestion has strong potency in states with ample resources. Electricity generated from biomass is based on steam turbine engineering. Many parts of the universe still have big untapped supplies of biomass residues, which could be converted into competitively priced electricity utilizing steam turbine power workss. Co-firing is a low-priced and low-risk manner of adding biomass capacity. Co-firing systems that use low-priced biomass supply can hold payback periods every bit abruptly as two old ages. 11. In add-on, biomass can replace up to 15 % of the entire energy input in a power works, frequently with few alterations other than the burner and feed consumption systems. Co-firing is of peculiar involvement in developing states, because it improves the economic and ecological quality of many older, coal fired power workss. Bio fuels from agricultural biomass production are another well-developed transition engineering. Biomass grown every bit dedicated energy harvests can supply new economic chances for husbandmans and forest proprietors. The primary barriers to increased usage of biomass on a larger graduated table are the cost of systems required for dedicated feedstock production, harvest home, and transit, every bit good as the fuel transition engineerings. With farther R & A ; D and deployment support in 2020-30, these engineerings could accomplish commercialization. Geothermal 12. Geothermal energy is a clean and sustainable energy that comes from resources runing from shallow land to hot H2O and hot stone found a few stat mis beneath the Earth ‘s surface, and down even deeper to the highly high temperatures of molten stone called magma. Geothermal heat pumps can tap into this resource to heat and cool edifices. These power workss are capable of runing 24Ãâ€"7 and globally there is a possible for bring forthing about 85 GW of power over the following 30 old ages. However, the restriction to tapping this resource is the handiness which is limited to merely few countries of the universe, the largest being the United States, Central America, Indonesia, East Africa and the Philippines. Challenges to spread outing geothermic energy include really long undertaking development times, and the hazard and cost of explorative boring. Action Plan to Reduce Dependence on Fossil Fuel 13. Solar Energy. This beginning is seen to hold the highest potency for the hereafter amongst assorted renewable energy beginnings. Some steps for working this rich resource are: – ( a ) Make solar warmers compulsory, through edifice byelaws and incorporation in the National Building Code. ( B ) Ensure the debut of effectual mechanisms for enfranchisement and evaluation of makers of solar thermal applications ( degree Celsius ) Facilitate measuring and publicity of these single devices through local bureaus and power public-service corporations. ( vitamin D ) Support the upgrading of engineerings and fabrication capacities through soft loans, to accomplish higher efficiencies and farther cost decrease. ( vitamin E ) Make installing of solar panels on the roofs of new edifices compulsory to obtain portion of the power demands through it. ( degree Fahrenheit ) Set up autochthonal fabrication capacity. ( g ) Promote off-grid applications so that power coevals is at the ingestion point itself and therefore does away with land and environment related concerns. 14. Wind. Although all sectors of renewable energy are being developed, weave power programme has been the fastest growth. The undermentioned enterprises will help in to the full working the air current potency: – ( a ) Projects under the Clean Development Mechanism ( CDM ) supply a farther inducement to weave energy development. ( B ) A consistent national renewable energy policy to to the full recognize the air current energy potency. ( degree Celsius ) Though Renewable Portfolio Standard ( RPS ) and FiT ( Feed in Tariffs ) can co-exist in theory, they need to be good managed to avoid inefficiencies. ( vitamin D ) Set up air current farms at off shore locations and along the seashore line. ( vitamin E ) Promote R & A ; D in this field with investings from developed states to help companies like Suzlon who are already planetary leaders. 15. Hydroelectricity. Harnessing H2O as a resource to bring forth power has been employed globally and a reasonably high grade of success has been achieved, nevertheless the undermentioned enterprises will impart farther impulse to the attempts: – ( a ) Undertake little micro hydel undertakings for rural electrification tapping into minor H2O resources at distant topographic points. ( B ) Streamline clearance processs, to include understating the clip rhythm for countenances of undertakings with particular accent on hastening environmental clearances, as besides on rehabilitation and relocation issues. ( vitamin D ) Though the populace sector has played a major and about sole function in developing hydropower in private owned independent power manufacturer ( IPP ) manner is still to catch on. The chief intent should be to bring forth assurance in prospective entrepreneurs/developers and offer footings and conditions, which will be attractive and cover undue hazards, without endangering consumer involvements. 16. However, on the whole to make maximal possible and hike the necessary investing in renewable energy, it is indispensable to present clear, stable and long-run support policies, carefully designed to guarantee that they operate in harmoniousness with bing apparatus.